Techniques of Fakery
There are six basic techniques of faking a photo, none of which are mutually exclusive.

1: Inserting details. This includes placing an element from one photo into another to create a composite image, reproducing a detail of the photo by cloning it, superimposing an image onto another, or drawing-in details.

2: Deleting details. This is usually done by extending background elements over the unwanted detail. Or one can crop out the unwanted detail.

3: Manipulating elements within the photo. For instance, one can adjust the color, resize details, or rotate or move details.

4: falsifying the caption. (In a sense, every fake photo has been falsely captioned.)

5: Staging the scene. This is considered fakery particularly when it occurs in photojournalism. Varieties of staging a scene include using models and cutouts and inserting a prop into the scene.

6: Taking a photo at a trick angle. The most common example of this is the use of forced perspective.


Themes


Time Periods
hoax photo database

Category: Animals
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Paper Tiger
Fake (staged with paper cut-out)
October 3, 2007



“Qinghai-Tibet railway opens green passage for wildlife”
Fake (composite)
Published in 2006. Debunked in 2008.



Modern-Day Diplocaulus
Fake (clay model)
Circulating online since late 2004



Camel Spiders in Iraq
Real picture, false caption
Found online, Spring 2004



Manitoba Home Security
Fake (composite)
Found online in 2003



Helicopter Shark
Fake (composite)
Circulating online since Aug 2001



Pike Swallows Trout
Real
Jan 22, 2001



The Peppered Moth
Staged using dead moths
1955



Whopper Hoppers
Either staged or composites.
circa 1935



Mother Cat Stops Traffic
Staged Scene
July 29, 1925



The Nest of a Fatu-Liva
Satirical false caption
1921



William ‘Dad’ Martin’s Freak Postcards
Composite images
1909-1910



Pacific Sea Monster
Staged with a log
1906



A Bear and its Hunters
Staged
ca. 1900



The Sympsychograph
Darkroom effect (satire)
September 1896


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