This page is part of the Hoax Photo Database, which catalogs examples of photo fakery throughout the history of photography. Included in the database are photos that are "real," but which have been suspected of being fake, as well as images whose veracity remains undetermined. The images are categorized by theme, technique of fakery, and time period.

HOLIDAY GAG GIFTS
Everything from the popular Farting Santa to fake Lottery Ticket stocking stuffers.

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The Sympsychograph
Status: Darkroom effect (satire)
Date: September 1896
David Starr Jordan, president of Stanford University, published an article in Popular Science Monthly describing the discovery of a new form of photography that he called Sympsychography. Starr explained that it allowed invisible brain waves to be made visible on a photographic plate -- similar to the way in which invisible X rays produce an image on a photographic plate.

The first test of sympsychography, Starr wrote, had been conducted by Cameron Lee, who burned an image of a cat onto a photographic plate merely by thinking of a cat. The Astral Camera Club, which met on April 1, then took the concept one step further. Seven of its members simultaneously concentrated their minds on a photographic plate while thinking of a cat. What emerged was not one man's image of a cat, but rather a joint "impression of ultimate feline reality." The resulting picture (shown here) was reproduced in the article.

Starr wrote, "it will be noticed that this picture is unmistakably one of a cat. But it is a cat in its real essence, the type cat as distinguished from human impressions of individual cats."

Jordan thought the readers of Popular Science Monthly would immediately recognize his article as a joke. Instead he received numerous letters from people who had taken the article at face value. One clergyman even confided to Starr that he had prepared six sermons on "the Lesson of the Sympsychograph."
References:
Jordan, D.S. (Sept 1896). "The Sympsychograph." Popular Science Monthly.
Technique: Superimposed Image, False Caption. Time Period: Before 1900.
Themes: Animals, Cats, Humor, Paranormal.

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